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upregulation of the expression of IL-2 receptor

In addi  autolysosomes, where cargo will be degraded and recycled back into the cytosol [62–64].

Although in the past autophagy was described as a non-selective, in-bulk degradation

process, evidence in recent years demonstrates that autophagy can selectively sequester and degrade specific organelles (e.g. mitophagy, ERphagy…), pathogens (xenophagy), lipid droplets (lipophagy), ribosomes (ribophagy),protein aggregates (aggregaphagy),

macromolecules, and even specific proteins [reviewed in [65]]. This specificity can be

achieved through adaptor proteins that recognize the cargo and interact with LC3 through

specific motifs (WXXI/L)—termed “LC3-interacting regions" (LIR)) [66]. Autophagic

cargo receptors include, among others, p62/sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1),neicdfor of

BRCA1 gene 1 (NBR1), nuclear dot protein 52 kDa (NDP52), Tax1-binding protein 1(TAX1BP1), and optineurin (OPTN). Importantly, these adaptors contain a ubiquitin-binding

domain, which can recognize ubiquitinated substrates, LIRs, and dimerization/ multimerization domains [66].